Sanctuary of Maria Santissima di Schiavonea: A Jewel of Faith in Calabria

The Sanctuary of Maria Santissima di Schiavonea, located in Calabria, is a place of profound spirituality and rich history. Its unique architecture, centuries-old traditions, and popular devotion make it a must-visit destination for pilgrims and lovers of sacred art.

Structure and Architecture of the Sanctuary

The sanctuary stands out for its two-level structure. The lower floor houses spaces dedicated to pastoral ministry, while the actual sanctuary is located on the upper level. The main façade, in neoclassical style, features four pilasters supporting an entablature and a triangular pediment, elements that lend solemnity to the building.

The church has an octagonal floor plan, a symbolic shape representing resurrection and eternal life. The altar dedicated to the Madonna is separated from the rest of the church by a continuous balustrade and is accessed through the sacristy. An imposing staircase leads to the sanctuary’s entrance, designed so that the image of the Madonna is visible from the first step. Above the entrance door, a marble inscription reads: “Venite ad me omnes et ego exaudiam vos” (Come to me, all of you, and I will answer you).

The Achiropita Icon of the Madonna of Schiavonea

The icon venerated in the sanctuary is of the “achiropita” type, meaning not painted by human hands, according to tradition. The image depicts the Virgin seated on a throne with her arms outstretched. Her seated position symbolizes the attention Mary pays to the prayers of her faithful, while her outstretched arms show her readiness to aid those in need. The Madonna’s face is black, a characteristic shared by several Marian icons venerated in Southern Italy, often associated with ancient and mysterious cults.

The painting dates back to the 17th century, and its veneration officially began in 1649. Exploring the symbolism behind the black color of the Madonna’s face could be an intriguing journey into historical and anthropological research.

History and Traditions of the Sanctuary

The history of the Sanctuary of Schiavonea is intertwined with the faith and events of the region. The building stands on the foundations of a small oratory dedicated to Saint Leonard, built in 1615 thanks to donations from local fishermen and farmers. The cornerstone of the sanctuary was laid on May 13, 1649, following three apparitions of the Madonna to A. Ruffo, nicknamed Antonaccio.

Key events in the sanctuary’s history:

• 1615: Construction of the oratory dedicated to Saint Leonard.
• 1648: Apparitions of the Madonna to Antonaccio Ruffo.
• 1649: Blessing of the sanctuary’s cornerstone.
• 1649-61: Patronage of Duke D’Agostino Saluzzo of Corigliano.
• 1655: The chapel is declared a public church.
• 1658: Confirmation by the Sacred Roman Rota.
• 1665: Consecration of the new church.
• 1707: Embellishment of the church with silver lamps, marble wall coverings, and the construction of three altars.
• 1828: The fiefdom of Corigliano is sold to the Barons Compagna.
• 1949: Elevation of the church to a Marian sanctuary.
• 1953: Spiritual care entrusted to the Ardorini Fathers.
• 1955: Chapel restorations.
• 1962: The Ardorini Fathers leave Schiavonea.
• 1963: Coronation of the Madonna’s icon.
• 1964: Arrival of the Venetian Minor Fathers.
• 1971: Sanctuary restorations.

Saints and Key Figures Associated with the Sanctuary

In addition to the Madonna of Schiavonea, the sanctuary is linked to Saint Leonard, to whom the pre-existing oratory was dedicated. Exploring the life and cult of Saint Leonard, the patron saint of prisoners and the sick, could enrich the understanding of the site’s history.

The Ardorini Fathers, who oversaw the sanctuary’s spiritual life for a significant period, left a profound mark on the local community by visiting families, assisting the sick, and promoting the faithful’s participation in religious life.

The Ex Votos: Testimonies of Faith and Received Graces

The ex votos preserved in the sanctuary’s sacristy represent a precious treasure of faith and popular devotion. Luminaries, goldsmith objects, and other gifts testify to the graces received by the faithful through the intercession of the Madonna of Schiavonea. Studying the history and meaning of these objects can offer an interesting glimpse into local beliefs and customs.

According to tradition, the Madonna’s jewels were originally kept in a chest in the bedroom of Baron Compagna (1848), a curiosity that adds a touch of mystery to the sanctuary’s history.

Ideas for an Adventurous Research

For the more curious visitors, the Sanctuary of Schiavonea offers several ideas for adventurous research:

• The symbolism of the Madonna’s black face: Investigate the origins and meaning of this iconographic feature, comparing it with similar sacred images found in Italy and worldwide.
• The history of the Barons Compagna: Delve into the events of this noble family and their connection to the sanctuary and the Corigliano region.
• Popular traditions tied to the Madonna’s apparitions: Collect oral testimonies and historical documents to reconstruct the story of the apparitions and their impact on the local community.
• The sanctuary’s architecture: Study the stylistic features of the building and its relationship with the surrounding landscape.

Useful Information for Visitors

The Sanctuary of Maria Santissima di Schiavonea is easily accessible and open to visitors year-round. It is advisable to check the schedule of religious celebrations and contact the parish for any additional information.

Corigliano Calabro CS, Italy